ISO 4317:2011 specifies two titration methods (volumetric and coulometric) using Karl Fischer reagent for the determination of the water content of surface active agents and detergents.

These methods are applicable to products in the form of powders, pastes and solutions.

They are applicable only if so indicated in the specific standard for each product.

As alkaline compounds react with Karl Fischer reagent, the methods give values which are too high in the case of samples containing alkali metal silicates, carbonates, hydroxides or borates. Therefore, samples need to be analysed for the presence of such alkali metal salts prior to the determination of the water content.