BS 4428:1989

This standard BS 4428:1989 Code of practice for general landscape operations (excluding hard surfaces) is classified in these ICS categories:

• 65.020.40 Landscaping and silviculture

This British Standard code of practice gives recommendations for the following general landscape operations (excluding hard surfaces):

1. preliminary investigations;

2. drainage;

3. grading and cultivation;

4. seeding of grass areas;

5. turfing;

6. amenity tree planting;

7. woodland planting;

8. planting of shrubs, herbaceous plants and bulbs.

The recommendations of the code of practice take account of current techniques, equipment and materials; and are restricted to general landscape operations. Intensively used and specialized sports areas such as playing fields, bowling greens, cricket tables and golf greens are excluded from the revision, both because they are specialized and because they are covered by Sports Ground Construction/Specification: 1975 issued by the National Playing Fields Association and the Sports Turf Research Institute.

The code of practice does, however, include recommendations for the gradients of sports fields that are not covered by the National Playing Fields Association technical publication Gradients for Outdoor Sports Facilities: 1983 (see 4.2.3).

The code does not cover the planting of alpine and aquatic plants.

NOTE The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on page 32.

Preliminary investigations, drainage, grading and cultivation, seeding of grass areas, turfing, tree planting, woodland planting, planting of shrubs, herbaceous plants and bulbs.