ČSN EN 18140

Building on the consolidated definitions of NbS, this document establishes a terminology to support the development of an agreed vocabulary, forming the basis of the standardisation process. At European level the European Commission (EC) released the first document on NbS: Towards an EU Research and Innovation policy agenda for Nature-Based Solutions and Re-Naturing Cities, in 2015. In this document the EC identified four goals that can be addressed by nature-based solutions: - enhancing sustainable urbanisation; - restoring degraded ecosystems; - developing climate change adaptation and mitigation; - Improving risk management and resilience. In the recent document "EU taxonomy for sustainable activities" (2021c) has considered as environ-mental objectives the following categories: climate change mitigation and adaptation, the sustainable use and protection of water and marine resources, the transition to a circular economy, pollution pre-vention and control, the protection and restoration of biodiversity and ecosystems. Evaluating the impact of NbS the "Handbook of practitioners" (2021a) reported a gap analysis in terms of: - lack of a widely agreed definition of Nature-based Solutions (NbS); - lack of NbS monitoring methodology and implementation stages (longer-term evaluations to assess NbS effects over time and guaranteeing continuity of monitoring measurements); - measurability of intangible impacts (e.g. aesthetic enjoyment) and spillovers (impact of NbS inter-vention may spread beyond the treated area or group); - accounting for trade-offs, difficulties in communicating to non-scientific partners the need and the challenges in a less -technical language.